Gravissimas
On Religious Orders in Portugal
Read the official textpapalencyclicals.net
Original text published before 1931: public domain in the US. Modern English translations (e.g. vatican.va's) may still be under copyright.
Cite this page
This catalogue
Gravissimas (1901). On Religious Orders in Portugal. docs.church. https://docs.church/gravissimas
Official citation
Leo XIII, Gravissimas (16 May 1901). https://www.papalencyclicals.net/leo13/l13grvis.htm