Nullis Certe Verbis

On the Need for Civil Sovereignty of the Holy See

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Original text published before 1931: public domain in the US. Modern English translations (e.g. vatican.va's) may still be under copyright.

Short link

This catalogue

Nullis Certe Verbis (1860). On the Need for Civil Sovereignty of the Holy See. docs.church. https://docs.church/nullis-certe-verbis

Official citation

Pius IX, Nullis Certe Verbis (19 January 1860). https://www.papalencyclicals.net/pius09/p9nullis.htm